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|subdivision_type1 = State |subdivision_name1 = |subdivision_type2 = County |subdivision_name2 = Cumberland |government_footnotes = 〔 |government_type = Faulkner Act (Mayor-Council) |governing_body = City Council |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = Albert B. Kelly (term ends December 31, 2018)〔(2015 New Jersey Mayors Directory ), New Jersey Department of Community Affairs, as of October 20, 2015. Accessed November 16, 2015. As of date accessed, Kelly is listed as mayor with an incorrect term-end date of June 30, 2018, which does not reflect the shift of municipal elections from May to November.〕 |leader_title1 = Administrator |leader_name1 = Dale Goodreau〔(Department of Administration ), City of Bridgeton. Accessed December 21, 2014.〕 |leader_title2 = Clerk |leader_name2 = Darlene Richmond〔(City Clerk ), City of Bridgeton. Accessed December 21, 2014.〕 |established_title = Incorporated |established_date = March 1, 1865 |named_for = Bridge on Cohansey River |unit_pref = Imperial |area_footnotes = 〔(2010 Census Gazetteer Files: New Jersey County Subdivisions ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed May 21, 2015.〕 |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = 16.656 |area_land_km2 = 16.003 |area_water_km2 = 0.653 |area_total_sq_mi = 6.431 |area_land_sq_mi = 6.179 |area_water_sq_mi = 0.252 |area_water_percent = 3.92 |area_rank = 249th of 566 in state 13th of 14 in county〔 |population_as_of = 2010 Census |population_footnotes = 〔(DP-1 - Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 for Bridgeton city, Cumberland County, New Jersey ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed July 9, 2012.〕〔〔(Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2010 for Bridgeton city ), New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development. Accessed July 9, 2012.〕 |population_total = 25349 |population_rank = 98th of 566 in state 3rd of 14 in county〔(GCT-PH1 Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - State -- County Subdivision from the 2010 Census Summary File 1 for New Jersey ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed December 11, 2012.〕 |population_density_km2 = 1584.0 |population_density_sq_mi = 4102.5 |population_density_rank = 149th of 566 in state 1st of 14 in county〔 |population_est = 25347 |pop_est_as_of = 2014 |pop_est_footnotes = 〔 |timezone = Eastern (EST) |utc_offset = -5 |timezone_DST = Eastern (EDT) |utc_offset_DST = -4 |elevation_footnotes = 〔, Geographic Names Information System. Accessed March 4, 2013.〕 |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = 39 |coordinates_type = region:US_type:city |coordinates_region = US-NJ |coordinates_display = inline,title |coordinates_footnotes = 〔〔(US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990 ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 4, 2014.〕 |latd = 39.427518 |longd = -75.227954 |postal_code_type = ZIP code |postal_code = 08302〔(Look Up a ZIP Code for Bridgeton, NJ ), United States Postal Service. Accessed December 1, 2011.〕〔(Zip Codes ), State of New Jersey. Accessed October 7, 2013.〕 |area_code = 856〔(Area Code Lookup - NPA NXX for Bridgeton, NJ ), Area-Codes.com. Accessed October 7, 2013.〕 |blank_name = FIPS code |blank_info = 3401107600〔〔(American FactFinder ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 4, 2014.〕〔(A Cure for the Common Codes: New Jersey ), Missouri Census Data Center. Accessed July 8, 2012.〕 |blank1_name = GNIS feature ID |blank1_info = 0885169〔〔(US Board on Geographic Names ), United States Geological Survey. Accessed September 4, 2014.〕 |website = |footnotes = }} Bridgeton is a city in Cumberland County, New Jersey, United States, in the south part of the state, on the Cohansey River, near Delaware Bay. As of the 2010 United States Census, the city's population was 25,349,〔〔〔 reflecting an increase of 2,578 (+11.3%) from the 22,771 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 3,829 (+20.2%) from the 18,942 counted in the 1990 Census.〔(Table 7. Population for the Counties and Municipalities in New Jersey: 1990, 2000 and 2010 ), New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development, February 2011. Accessed July 9, 2012.〕 It is the county seat of Cumberland County.〔(【引用サイトリンク】accessdate=2011-06-07 )〕〔(Cape May County, NJ ), National Association of Counties. Accessed January 20, 2013.〕 Bridgeton, Millville, and Vineland are the three principal cities of the Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton Primary Metropolitan Statistical Area, which encompasses those cities and all of Cumberland County for statistical purposes and which constitutes a part of the Delaware Valley. ==History== Similar to other areas near rivers and the bay, this area was inhabited for thousands of years by indigenous peoples. At the time of European contact, Lenni-Lenape Native Americans lived in the area, following a seasonal pattern of cultivation and hunting and fishing. The state-recognized Nanticoke Lenni-Lenape Indians of New Jersey maintain a cultural center here, serving a community of 12,000 in Cumberland, Gloucester and Salem counties.〔Marine, Jaime. ("Annual Nanticoke Lenni-Lenape Pow-Wow coming to Salem County Fairgrounds" ), ''Today's Sunbeam'', June 9, 2010. Accessed July 9, 2012. "'The main purpose of the Pow-Wow is to educate the American public about the rich history of the Native Americans,' Gail Gould, of the Nanticoke Lenni-Lenape Tribal Office in Bridgeton, said Wednesday. 'It is also like a big family reunion for us.' According to Gould, there are more than 12,000 members of the Lenape tribe throughout Salem, Gloucester and Cumberland counties."〕 The first recorded European settlement in what is now Bridgeton was made by 1686 when Richard Hancock established a sawmill here.〔(Historic Bridgeton Walking Tour ), Cumberland County, New Jersey. Accessed October 26, 2007.〕 Settlers established a pioneer iron-works in 1814. Bridgeton was incorporated as a township by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 3, 1845, from portions of Deerfield Township. Bridgeton city was incorporated on March 1, 1865, replacing both Bridgeton Township and Cohansey Township.〔Snyder, John P. (''The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606-1968'' ), Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. p. 119. Accessed July 9, 2012.〕 The city was named for its location at a bridge on the Cohansey River〔Hutchinson, Viola L. (''The Origin of New Jersey Place Names'' ), New Jersey Public Library Commission, May 1945. Accessed August 27, 2015.〕 and is said to be a corruption of "bridge town".〔Gannett, Henry. (''The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States'' ), p. 37. United States Government Printing Office, 1905. Accessed August 27, 2015.〕 After the American Civil War, Bridgeton's industrial base and commercial centrality in this area of high agricultural production, along with its high profile as an educational center (it was home to the South Jersey Institute, the West Jersey Academy, and two notable academies for women), made it the most prosperous town in the state. Bridgeton was home to glass factories, sewing factories, metal and machine works and other manufacturers. The most notable of these was the Ferracute Machine Works, founded and operated by Oberlin Smith, an inventive genius and philanthropist credited with inventing the first device for magnetic recording, and now in the New Jersey Inventors Hall of Fame.〔Staff. ("Rites for Oberlin Smith Held." ), ''The New York Times'', July 22, 1926. Accessed July 8, 2012. "The funeral of Oberlin Smith, Bridgeton's most distinguished citizen and inventor of international note, took place this afternoon from Lockwold, his late residence on the shore of East Lake."〕 Bridgeton Historic District covers a quarter of the city and includes more than 2,000 properties. These range from the early Federal architecture to the 1920s, including many structures eligible for individual listing and some documented by the Historic American Buildings Survey (HABS) during the 1930s. The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982 and is the largest such district of any municipality in New Jersey.〔Staff. ("BRIDGETON HISTORIC DISTRICT / Managing the past" ), ''The Press of Atlantic City'', November 6, 2007. Accessed July 8, 2012. "Funkhouser's story mirrors the problems facing the entire historic district in Bridgeton. Drawn up in 1982, the district covers almost a quarter of the city and is the largest contiguous historic district in the state."〕 Although it is visually dominated by large Victorian homes and a downtown area constructed from the 1880s to the 1920s, the district, besides many neighborhoods of gingerbreaded "doubles" that were essentially working-class housing, includes several notable structures dating from the 18th century and early Federal period. One of these is Potter's Tavern, said to have been built in the 1750s, but restored to its appearance in 1776 when it was home to ''The Plain Dealer,'' considered New Jersey's first newspaper.〔Arney, Pat. ("PRESERVING BRIDGETON'S HISTORY / HISTORICAL SOCIETY SAYS POTTER'S TAVERN NEEDS A LOT OF WORK" ), ''The Press of Atlantic City'', August 26, 1993. Accessed July 9, 2012. "It was New Jersey's first newspaper. Called the "Plain Dealer," the hand-written paper came out weekly between Dec. 25, 1775, and Feb. 12, 1776, at Potter's Tavern, a gathering spot for the local firebrands that still stands today, across from the Cumberland County Courthouse on West Broad Street."〕 A second is Brearley (Masonic) Lodge, founded by General James Giles in 1795, and still active. A third is the so-called "Nail House" (c. 1815; second build c. 1855), administrative home of the Cumberland Nail & Iron Works that established Bridgeton's industrial prowess in the early nineteenth century. The first Cumberland National Bank building (1816), which was only the second bank chartered in New Jersey, is now part of the Bridgeton Library.〔(Cumberland Bank Building ), New Jersey Historic Trust. Accessed July 9, 2012.〕 There is also the David Sheppard House (1791), recently restored with assistance from the Garden State Historic Trust and home to the Cousteau Coastal Center of Rutgers University since 2008.〔(Cousteau Center at Bridgeton ), Rutgers University Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences. Accessed July 9, 2012.〕 Bridgeton straddles the tidal Cohansey River and is located near the center of the Delaware Bay lowlands. It derives its name from the original movable bridge that offered the option of regular overland travel on the "King's Highway" across the Cohansey watershed region for the first time in 1716. It is said that its name went from Bridge-towne to Bridgeton in 1816-1817 owing to a printing error on documents published by the Cumberland Bank. Bridgeton is home to numerous large municipal parks. The largest of these, consisting of pinelands, wetlands and lakes, as well as the original raceway system that provided waterpower to the mills, was formed out of the property owned and managed by the Cumberland Nail & Iron Works until 1899. Long considered a recreational area for the region even under ownership by the Iron Works, the property was finally purchased in 1902-3 by the City and preserved in perpetuity as the Bridgeton City Park. It includes three major lakes: Mary Elmer Lake, Sunset Lake, and East Lake.〔(Public Works - Parks Division ), City of Bridgeton. Accessed July 29, 2007.〕 Bridgeton Park encompasses about . It now includes the Cohanzick Zoo, New jersey's oldest zoo, which is free to the public.〔(Cohanzick Zoo ), City of Bridgeton. Accessed October 7, 2013.〕 The city suffered an economic downturn in the 1980s with the loss of its remaining manufacturing sector jobs in glass and textiles. Agricultural employment, however, has continued to attract immigrant workers largely from Mexico but also Guatemala, creating new challenges and opportunities for revitalization. A significant minority of Bridgeton residents and their children speak Zapoteco, either as their only language or alongside Spanish.〔(New Jersey School Performance Report for the Bridgeton School District ), New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed May 31, 2015.〕 Downtown Bridgeton includes an art gallery, a Native American post, second hand stores, and a budding coffee shop. The City declared its downtown a Culinary Arts district and is highlighting downtown economic redevelopment through the food and cooking-related retail sector with the collaboration of the Bridgeton Main Street Association, the oldest Main Street Association in the state, founded in 1990.〔Adomaitis, Greg. ("Bridgeton Main Street president receives inaugural award" ), ''South Jersey Times'', February 2, 2012. Accessed May 31, 2015. "Fellow BMSA members and co-workers turned their attention to their president and member of five years, who leads the oldest Main Street association in the state.... The Main Street effort was instituted nationally around the late-1970s and was officially incorporated here in 1990."〕 In 2008, Rutgers opened the Cousteau Coastal Center of its Institute of Marine & Coastal Sciences in the former David Sheppard House, a base from which it coordinates cutting-edge ecological research and develops modules for environmental learning at all educational levels from elementary school upward.〔(Cousteau Center at Bridgeton ), Cousteau Center at Bridgeton. Accessed October 7, 2013.〕 South Woods State Prison, opened near Bridgeton in 1997, is the largest state prison in New Jersey and provides a range of employment.〔Barlas, Thomas. ("Cumberland County banking on prisons for economic stability" ), ''The Press of Atlantic City'', July 3, 2013. Accessed October 7, 2013. "Those prisoners - the county will accept between 100 and 350, depending on space - will join thousands of inmates lodged in three state prisons located in Cumberland County. Bayside State Prison and Southern State Correctional Facility in Maurice River Township and South Woods State Prison in Bridgeton house about a third of the more than 23,100 inmates in all of the state's prisons."〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bridgeton, New Jersey」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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